DOMINANT EGG SURFACE BACTERIA OF HOLOTRICHIA OBLITA (COLEOPTERA: SCARABAEIDAE) INHIBIT THE MULTIPLICATION OF BACILLUS THURINGIENSIS AND BEAUVERIA BASSIANA

Abstract Holotrichia oblita (Coleoptera: Scarabaeidae) and some other scarab beetles are the main soil-dwelling pests in China.Bacillus thuringiensis (Bt) and Beauveria bassiana (Bb) are entomopathogens that have been used as biocontrol agents of various pests.However, scarab larvae especially H.oblita exhibited strong adaptability to these pathoge

Subaxial cervical facet cyst is an extremely rare disorder.In previous reports, most cases were surgically treated.We describe a unique case involving the spontaneous regression of a subaxial cervical facet cyst.A 77-years-old man presented with gait disturbance, skilled finger movement disturbance, and numbness in the extremities.Magnetic resonanc

BackgroundToxoplasma gondii, an obligate intracellular protozoan, utilizes dense granule proteins to modulate host cell processes.Dense granule protein 23 (GRA23) facilitates molecular trafficking between the parasitophorous vacuole and host CREAM cell cyto-plasm, though its specific host protein interactions remain poorly characterized.MethodsThis

Viperid venoms often contain mixtures of Asp49 and bibs Lys49 PLA2 myotoxin isoforms, relevant to development of myonecrosis.Given their difference in catalytic activity, mechanistic studies on each type require highly purified samples.Studies on Asp49 PLA2s have shown that enzyme inactivation using p-bromophenacyl bromide (p-BPB) drastically affec